Crianças exibem sinais de moralidade mesmo antes de vivenciar o mundo.

Pesquisas recentes sobre moralidade infantil mostram que, a partir dos 14 meses de idade, crianças ajudam espontaneamente os outros sem nenhuma expectativa de recompensa (Warneken & Tomasello, 2007).

Houve uma explosão de pesquisas sobre moralidade com crianças nas últimas décadas. Estudos experimentais atuais mostram que crianças já exibem tendências inatas a ajudar os outros.

Considere a recente pesquisa com bonecas e bebês: uma boneca ajuda (um indivíduo). Outra boneca atrapalha (um indivíduo diferente). Os bebês observam a conduta cômoda e inútil. Crianças com 3 meses reagem diferentemente à essas bonecas.

Crianças com 6 meses também reagem positivamente a indivíduos que ajudam os outros. Aos 18 meses de idade, crianças ajudam os outros a atingir seus objetivos. Socialidade pró-ativa aparece em crianças com 2 anos de idade. E assim por diante.

Apesar de popular, a crença incorreta de que humanos nascem egoístas, e que gradualmente se tornam morais através de ensinamentos religiosos, carece de evidências. Por exemplo, em uma série de experimentos, uma pessoa não consegue alcançar um objeto. A maioria das crianças solicitamente ajuda a pegar o objeto. Até crianças de 14 meses tentam ajudar. Na média, as crianças ajudaram os outros em 6.9 segundos nos experimentos.

O desenvolvimento prematuro de comportamentos morais joga luz na questão das fés e visões de mundo não serem necessárias para o surgimento da moralidade. Cooperativismo, julgamento moral, igualitarismo, avaliação social, e ajuda pró-ativa são inatos e universais.

Afirmação 3
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The studies linked on this page are accessible via the researchers' websites and other public domain sources. If not linked, those studies are only available via academic journals.

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